诚然,没有哪一种程序能够确保互动展品开发的成功。大型科学博物馆与科学中心,内部有系统的设计、制造和评估能力,通过试错法和较长时间的累积,建立起专家知识库。而对于小型或新建的科学中心来说,由于资源条件的限制,想要建立起系统的专业化的团队是不现实的,即使有其他成功的经验可以借鉴,但如果不聘请经验丰富的展品开发专家,别人犯过的错误还是会重复犯。一个关键的困难就是究竟要找展品设计员还是专门的商业机构来开发互动型展品。事实上这两个选择都有其优势和弱势。不管选择哪种方式,一个最基本的保障就是展览的设计理念一定要牢牢地掌握在博物馆专家手里,要先对展览目标有个清晰的想法和理念。因此,关键问题就是如何宏观掌控和监管整个展品开发过程,确保最终的成品与最初的理念吻合,且控制在有限的时间和预算之内。要达到这个目标,博物馆内部人员要有项目掌控的能力(或者单独聘请项目经理),即使设计和制作过程可能是外包的,也要对项目进行全程的掌控。
互动型展览成功的首要条件是要在目标观众群体中进行展品评估。博物馆或科学中心即使委托其他机构来设计和制作展品,也要保证开发过程中每个阶段评估的连贯性,因为委托的设计和制作商总是会有按以往经验办事的倾向,若不紧紧跟踪评估,很可能会得到偏离原意的展品。展品评估是展品开发过程不可或缺的部分,因此博物馆还是有必要发展内部的专业评估知识和能力来监督这一过程,或者至少聘请一位外部独立的评估专家。
很少有博物馆或科学中心能像伦敦科学博物馆那样建立起自己的专业评估团队。多数博物馆的评估项目都是在有限的时间和资源限制下做出实用主义的妥协。尤里卡儿童博物馆带给我们的启示是一定要做好前置分析,因为展品外包给其他单位设计和制作,就会使得展品模型阶段需要开展的过程性评估难以实施,以至于很多展品设计出来后没有经过严格的测试就直接使用了。因此,尤里卡儿童博物馆决定从外部聘请资深的评估专家来到馆里培训自己的员工,并且监督博物馆员工进行最后的总结性评估工作,招募学生志愿者来协助评估过程,这是个很实惠的折中方案。
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