Ab ouchakra, Rabih, Ibrahim Al Mannaee, and Mona Hammami Hijazi. Looking Ahead: The 50 Trends That Matter. Chart, page 274. Bloomington, IN: Xlibris, 2016.

Al lansson, Marie, Erik Melander, and Lotta Themnér. “Organized violence, 1989–2016.” Journal of Peace Research 54, no. 4 (2017).

Am nesty. Amnesty International. Death Penalty: Data counting abolitionists for all crimes. 2007–2016. Accessed November 3, 2017. gapm.io/xamndp17.Ar iely, Dan. The Honest Truth About Dishonesty: How We Lie to Everyone, Especially Ourselves. New York: Harper, 2012.

— ——. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our Decisions. New York: Harper, 2008.

— ——. The Upside of Irrationality: The Unexpected Benefits of Defying Logic at Work and at Home. New York: Harper, 2010.

AT AA (Air Transport Association of America). The Annual Reports of the U.S. Scheduled Airline Industry, 1940–1991. Earlier editions were called Little Known Facts about the Scheduled Air Transport Industry and Air Transport Facts and Figures. http://airlines.org.

Ba nerjee, Abhijit Vinayak, and Esther Duflo. Poor Economics: A Radical Rethinking of the Way to Fight Global Poverty. New York: PublicAffairs, 2011.

Ba rro-Lee. Educational Attainment Dataset v2.1. Updated February 4, 2016. See Barro and Lee (2013). Accessed November 7, 2017. http://www.barrolee.com. gapm.io/xbl17.

Ba rro, Robert J., and Jong-Wha Lee. “A New Data Set of Educational Attainment in the World, 1950–2010.” Journal of Development Economics 104 (2013): 184–98.

BB C. Producer Farhana Haider. “How the Danish Jews Escaped the Holocaust.” Witness, BBC, Magazine, October 14, 2015. gapm.io/xbbcesc17.

Be rners-Lee, Tim. “The next web.” TED video, 16:23. Filmed February 2009 in Long Beach, CA. https://www.ted.com/talks/tim_berners_lee_on_the_next_web. gapm.io/x-tim-b-l-ted.

Be tts, Alexander, and Paul Collier. Refuge: Rethinking Refugee Policy in a Changing World. New York: Oxford University Press, 2017.

Bi raben, Jean-Noel. “An Essay Concerning Mankind’s Evolution.” Population. Selected Papers. Table 2. December 1980. As cited in US-CPS. gapm.io/xuscbbir.

BJ S (Bureau of Justice Statistics). Rand, M.R., et al. “Alcohol and Crime: Data from 2002 to 2008”. Washington, DC: Bureau of Justice Statistics, Office of Justice Programs, US Department of Justice, 2010. Page last revised on July 28, 2010. Accessed December 21, 2017. https://www.bjs.gov/content/acf/ac_conclusion.cfm.

Bo ngaarts, John, and Rodolfo A. Bulatao. “Beyond Six Billion: Forecasting the World’s Population.” National Research Council. Panel on Population Projections. Committee on Population, Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education. Washington, D.C. 2000. National Academy Press. https://www.nap.edu/read/9828/chapter/4#38.

Bo urguignon, Fran?ois, and Christian Morrisson. “Inequality Among World Citizens: 1820–1992.” American Economic Review 92, no. 4 (September 2002): 727–44.

Br yant, John. “Theories of Fertility Decline and the Evidence from Development Indicators.” Population and Development Review 33, no. 1 (March 2007): 101–27.

BT S[1]. (US Bureau of Transportation Statistics). US Air Carrier Safety Data.

Total Fatalities. National Transportation Statistics. Table 2-9. Accessed November 24, 2017. gapm.io/xbtsafat.

BT S[2]. Revenue Passenger-Miles (The Number of Passengers and the Distance Flown in Thousands (000)). T-100 Segment data. Accessed November 4, 2017. gapm.io/xbtspass.

Ca ldwell, J. C. “Three Fertility Compromises and Two Transitions.” Population Research and Policy Review 27, no. 4 (2008): 427–46. gapm.io/xcaltfrt.

Carson, Rachel. Silent Spring. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1962.

CA S. Database Counter. American Chemical Society, 2017. Accessed December 3, 2017. gapm.io/xcas17.

CDC[1]. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). Taubenberger, Jeffery K., and David M. Morens. “1918 Influenza: The Mother of All Pandemics.” Emerging Infectious Diseases 12, no. 1 (January 2006): 15–22. gapm.io/xcdcsflu17.

CDC[2]. “Organochlorine Pesticides Overview”Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT). National Biomonitoring Program.

CDC[3]. “Ebola Outbreak in West Africa—Reported Cases Graphs.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014. gapm.io/xcdceb17.

CDC[4]. Toxicological Profile for DDT, DDE and DDD. https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp.asp？id=81&tid=20.

CDIAC. “Global, Regional, and National Fossil-Fuel CO2 Emissions.” Boden, T.A., G. Marland, and R.J. Andres. 2017. Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, Tenn., U.S.A. DOI: 10.3334/CDIAC/00001_V2017. gapm.io/xcdiac.

CETAD (Centro de Estudos Tributários e Aduaneiros). “Distribui??o da Renda por Centis Ano MAR?O 2017.” Ministério da Fazenda, Brazil, 2017. gapm.io/xbra17.

Cialdini, Robert B. Influence: How and Why People Agree to Things. Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon, 2001.

College Board. SAT Total Group Profile Report, 2016. gapm.io/xsat17.

Collier, Paul. The Bottom Billion: Why the Poorest Countries Are Failing and What Can Be Done About It. New York: Oxford University Press, 2007.

— ——. Exodus: How Migration Is Changing Our World. New York: Oxford University Press, 2013.

— ——. The Plundered Planet: Why We Must—and How We Can—Manage Nature for Global Prosperity. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010.

— ——. Wars, Guns and Votes: Democracy in Dangerous Places. New York: Random House, 2011.

Correlates of War Project. COW Data set v4.0. Based on Sarkees, Meredith Reid, and Frank Wayman (2010). Data set updated 2011. Accessed Dec 3, 2017. http://www.correlatesofwar.org/data-sets/COW-war.

Countdown to 2030. Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, Child, and Adolescent Health and Nutrition. Data produced by Aluisio Barros and Cesar Victora, Federal University of Pelotas, Brazil, 2017. http://countdown2030.org/.

Crosby, Alfred W. America’s Forgotten Pandemic. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1989.

Cummins, Denise. “Why the Gender Difference on SAT Math Doesn’t Matter.” Good Thinking blog, Psychology Today. March 17, 2014.

Davies, D.P. (1985). “Cot Death in Hong Kong: a Rare Problem？” Lancet 1985 Dec 14;2(8468):1346-9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2866397.

DeFries, Ruth. The Big Ratchet: How Humanity Thrives in the Face of Natural Crisis. New York: Basic Books, 2014.

Diamond, Jared. The World Until Yesterday: What Can We Learn from Traditional

Societies？ London: Viking, 2012.Do bbs, Richard, James Manyika, and Jonathan Woetzel. No Ordinary Disruption: The Four Global Forces Breaking All the Trends. New York: PublicAffairs, 2016.

Dollar Street. Free photos under Creative Commons License CC BY 4.0. By Gapminder, Anna Rosling R?nnlund. 2017. www.dollar-street.org.

Ehrlich, Paul R., and Anne Ehrlich. The Population Bomb. New York: Ballantine, 1968.

EIA (U.S. Energy Information Administration). “Annual passenger travel tends to increase with income.” Today in Energy May 11, 2016. https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php？id=26192#

El lenberg, Jordan. How Not to Be Wrong: The Power of Mathematical Thinking. New York: Penguin, 2014.

Elsevier. Reller, Tom. “Elsevier Publishing—A Look at the Numbers, and More.”

Posted March 22, 2016. Accessed November 26, 2017. https://www.elsevier.com/connect/elsevier-publishing-a-look-at-the-numbers-and-more.

EM-DAT. Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED). The International Disaster Database. Debarati Guha-Sapir, Université catholique de Louvain. Accessed November 5, 2017. www.emdat.be.

ENIGH (Encuesta Nacional de Ingresos y Gastos de los Hogares). Nueva serie, Tabulados básicos, 2017. Table 2.3, 2016. gapm.io/xenigh17

EPA (US Environmental Protection Agency). Environment Program, Pesticide Information. gapm.io/xepa17.

EUCouncil[1]. Council Directive 2002/90/EC of 28 November 2002 “defining the facilitation of unauthorised entry, transit and residence.” November, 2002. gapm.io/xeuc90.

EU Council[2]. Council Directive 2001/51/EC of 28 June 2001 “supplementing the provisions of Article 26 of the Convention implementing the Schengen Agreement of 14 June 1985.” June, 2001. gapm.io/xeuc51.

FAO[1] (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations). “Food Insecurity in the World 2006.” 2006. gapm.io/faoh2006.

FAO[2]. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2016: Contributing to Food Security and Nutrition for All. Rome: FAO, 2016. Accessed November 29, 2017. http://www.fao.org/3/a-i5555e.pdf. gapm.io/xfaofi.

FAO[3]. “Statistics—Food Security Indicators.” Last modified October 31, 2017.

Accessed November 29, 2017. gapm.io/xfaofsec.

FAO[4]. FAOSTAT World Total, Yield: Cereals, Total, 1961–2014. Last modified May 17, 2017. Accessed November 29, 2017. gapm.io/xcer.

FAO[5]. “State of the World’s Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture.” SOLAW, FAO, Maps, 2011. gapm.io/xfaowl17.

FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation). Uniform Crime Reporting Statistics.

Crime in the United States. All reported violent crimes and property crimes combined. Accessed October 12, 2017. gapm.io/xfbiu17.

Foresight. Migration and Global Environmental Change. Final Project Report.

London: Government Office for Science, 2011. gapm.io/xcli17.

FRD. Ofcansky, Thomas P., Laverle Bennette Berry, and Library of Congress Federal Research Division. Ethiopia: A Country Study. Washington, DC: Federal Research Division, Library of Congress, 1993. gapm.io/xfdi.

Friedman, Thomas L. The World Is Flat: A Brief History of the Twenty-first Century. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2005.

Gallup[1]. McCarthy, Justin. “More Americans Say Crime Is Rising in U.S.” Gallup News, October 22, 2015. Accessed December 1, 2017. http://news.gallup.com/poll/186308/americans-say-crime-rising.aspx.

Gallup[2]. Brewer, Geoffrey. “Snakes Top List of Americans’ Fears.” Gallup News, March 19, 2001. Accessed December 17, 2017. http://news.gallup.com/poll/1891/snakes-top-list-americans-fears.aspx.

Gallup[3]. Newport, Frank. “In U.S., Percentage Saying Vaccines Are Vital Dips Slightly.” Gallup News, March 6, 2015. gapm.io/xgalvac17.

Gallup[4]. “Concern About Being Victim of Terrorism.” U.S. polls, 1995–2017. Gallup News, December 2017. gapm.io/xgal17.

Gallup[5]. McCarthy, Justin. “U.S. Support for Gay Marriage Edges to New High.” Gallup News, May 3–7, 2017. gapm.io/xgalga.

Gapminder[1]. Regions, dividing the world into four regions with equal areas. gapm.io/ireg.

Gapminder[2]. GDP per capita—v25. Mainly Maddison data extended by Mattias Lindgren and modified by Ola Rosling to align with World Bank GDP per capita constant PPP 2011, with IMF forecasts from WEO 2017. gapm.io/dgdppc.

Gapminder[3]. Four income levels—v1. gapm.io/elev.

Gapminder[4]. Life expectancy—v9, based on IHME-GBD 2016, UN Population and Mortality.org. Main work by Mattias Lindgren. gapm.io/ilex.

Gapminder[5]. Protected nature—v1, based on World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA), UK-IUCN, UNEP-WCMC. gapm.io/natprot.

Gapminder[6]. Child mortality rate—v10, based on UN-IGME. Downloaded November 10, 2017, gapm.io/itfr.

Gapminder[7]. Total fertility rate—v12. gapm.io/dtfr.

Gapminder[8]. Income mountains—v3. Accessed November 2, 2017. gapm.io/incm.

Gapminder[9]. Extreme poverty rate—v1, rough guestimation of extreme poverty rates of all countries for the period 1800 to 2040, based on the Gapminder Income Mountains dataset. gapm.io/depov.

Gapminder[10]. Household per capita income—v1. gapm.io/ihhinc.

Gapminder[11]. “Don’t Panic—End Poverty.” BBC documentary featuring Hans Rosling. Directed by Dan Hillman. Wingspan Productions, September 2015.

Gapminder[12]. Legal slavery data—v1. gapm.io/islav.

Gapminder[13]. HIV, newly infected—v2. Historic prevalence estimates before 1990 by Linus Bengtsson and Ziad El-Khatib. gapm.io/dhivnew.

Ga pminder[14]. Death penalty abolishment—v1. gapm.io/ideat.

Ga pminder[15]. Countries ban leaded gasoline—v1. gapm.io/ibanlead.

Ga pminder[16]. Air plane fatalities—v1. Indicator Population—v5—all countries—1800–2100, based on IATA, ICAO[3], BTS[1,2] & ATAA. gapm.io/dpland.

Gapminder[17]. Population—v5—all countries—1800–2100, based on World Population Prospects: 2017 Revision, UN Population Division and mainly Maddison[2] before 1950. gapm.io/dpop.

Gapminder[18]. Undernourishment—v1. gapm.io/dundern.

Gapminder[19]. Feature films—v1. gapm.io/dcultf.

Ga pminder[20]. Women’s suffrage—v1, based primarily on Wikipedia[4]. gapm.io/dwomsuff.

Gapminder[21]. Literacy rate—v1, based on UNESCO[2] and van Zanden. gapm.io/dliterae.

Gapminder[22]. Internet users—v1. gapm.io/dintus.

Ga pminder[23]. Children with some vaccination—v1, based on WHO[1]. gapm.io/dsvacc.

Gapminder[24]. Playable guitars per capita (very rough estimates)—v1. gapm.io/dguitars.

Gapminder[25]. Maternal mortality—v2. gapm.io/dmamo.

Gapminder[26]. “Factpods on Ebola.” 1–15. gapm.io/fpebo.

Gapminder[27]. Poll results from events. gapm.io/rrs.

Gapminder[28]. How good are the UN population forecasts？ gapm.io/mmpopfut.

Gapminder[29]. The Inevitable Fill-Up. gapm.io/mmfu.

Gapminder[30]. Family size by income level. gapm.io/efinc.

Ga pminder[31]. Protected Nature—v1, based on World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA), UK-IUCN, UNEP-WCMC. gapm.io/protnat.

Ga pminder[32]. Hans Rosling. “Swine flu alert! News/Death ratio: 8176.” Video. May 8, 2009. gapm.io/sftbn.

Gapminder[33]. Average age at first marriage. gapm.io/fmarr.

Gapminder[34]. World Health Chart. www.gapminder.org/whc.

Gapminder[35]. Differences within Africa. gapm.io/eafrdif.

Gapminder[36]. Monitored species. gapm.io/tnwlm.

Gapminder[37]. Food production. gapm.io/tfood.

Gapminder[38]. War deaths. gapm.io/twar.

Gapminder[39]. Textile. gapm.io/ttextile.

Gapminder[41]. “Why Boat Refugees Don’t Fly!” gapm.io/p16.

Gapminder[42]. Child labour. gapm.io/dchlab.

Gapminder[43]. Gapminder Factfulness Poster, v3.1. Free Teaching Material, Creative Commons License CC BY 4.0. 2017. gapm.io/fposter.

Gapminder[44]. Length of schooling. gapm.io/dsclex.

Gapminder[45]. Recreation spending by income level. gapm.io/tcrecr.

Gapminder[46]. Caries. gapm.io/dcaries.

Gapminder[47]. Fertility rates by income quintile. gapm.io/dtfrq.

Gapminder[48]. Road accidents. gapm.io/droada.

Gapminder[49]. Child drownings by income level. gapm.io/ddrown.

Gapminder[50]. Travel distance. gapm.io/ttravel.

Gapminder[51]. CO2 emissions. gapm.io/tco2.

Gapminder[52]. Natural disasters. gapm.io/tndis.

Gapminder[53]. Fertility rate and income by religion. gapm.io/dtfrr.

GD L[1]. (Global Data Lab). Area data initiated by Jeroen Smits. https://globaldatalab.org/areadata.

GDL[2]. IWI International Wealth Index. https://globaldatalab.org/iwi.

Gilbert et al. (2005). “Infant sleeping position and the sudden infant death syndrome: systematic review of observational studies and historical review of recommendations from 1940 to 2002” Ruth Gilbert, Georgia Salanti, Melissa Harden, Sarah See. International Journal of Epidemiology, Volume 34, Issue 4, 1 August 2005, Pages 874–87. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyi088.

Gilovich, Thomas. How We Know What Isn’t So. New York: Macmillan, 1991.

Gleditsch, Nils Petter. Mot en mer fredelig verden？ [Norwegian: Towards a more peaceful world？]. Oslo: Pax, 2016. Figure 1.4. gapm.io/xnpgfred.

Gleditsch, Nils Petter, and Bethany Lacina. “Monitoring trends in global combat: A new dataset of battle deaths.” European Journal of Population 21, nos. 2–3 (2005): 145–66. gapm.io/xbat.

Goldberger, Leo. The Rescue of the Danish Jews: Moral Courage Under Stress. New York: New York University Press, 1987.

Good Judgment Project. www.gjopen.com.

Go ttschall, Jonathan. The Storytelling Animal: How Stories Make Us Human.

Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2012.

Gribble, Gordon W. “Food chemistry and chemophobia.” Food Security 5, no. 1 (February 2013). gapm.io/xfosec.

G**A. The Mobile Economy 2017. G** Association, 2017. gapm.io/xgsmame.

GTD. Global Terrorism Database 2017. Accessed December 2, 2017. gapm.io/xgtdb17.

GTF. “The Global Tracking Framework measures the population with access to electricity in both rural and urban areas from 1990–2014.” The World Bank & the International Energy Agency. Global Tracking Framework. Accessed November 29, 2017. http://gtf.esmap.org/results.

Gurven, Michael, and Hillard Kaplan. “Longevity Among Hunter-Gatherers: A Cross-Cultural Examination.” Population and Development Review 33, no. 2 (2007): 321–65. gapm.io/xhun.

Haidt, Jonathan. The Happiness Hypothesis: Finding Modern Truth in Ancient Wisdom. New York: Basic Books, 2006.

——. The Righteous Mind: Why Good People Are Divided by Politics and Religion. New York: Pantheon, 2012.

Hausmann, Ricardo. “How Should We Prevent the Next Financial Crisis？” The Growth Lab, Harvard University, 2015. gapm.io/xecc.

Hausmann, Ricardo, Cesar A. Hidalgo, et al. Atlas of Economic Complexity: Mapping Paths to Prosperity, 2nd ed. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2013.

Accessed November 10, 2017. gapm.io/xatl17.

Hellebrandt, Tomas, and Paulo Mauro. The Future of Worldwide Income Distribution. Peterson Institute for International Economics Working Paper 15-7, April 2015. Accessed November 3, 2017. gapm.io/xpiie17.

HMD (Human Mortality Database). University of California, Berkeley and Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research. Downloaded September 2012.

Available at www.mortality.org or www.humanmortality.de.

H? gberg, Ulf, and Erik Bergstr?m. “L?karr?d ?kade risken f?r pl?tslig sp?dbarnsd?d” [“Physicians’ advice increased the risk of sudden infant death syndrome”]. L?kartidningen 94, no. 48 (1997). gapm.io/xuhsids.

IATA (International Air Transport Association). “Accident Overview.” Table. Fact Sheet Safety. December 2017. gapm.io/xiatas.

ICAO[1] (International Civil Aviation Organization). Convention on International Civil Aviation. Chicago, December 7, 1944. gapm.io/xchicc.

ICAO[2]. Aircraft Accident and Incident Investigation. Convention on International Civil Aviation, Annex 13. International Standards and Recommended Practices, 1955. gapm.io/xchi13.

ICAO[3]. Global Key Figures. Revenue Passenger-Kilometres. Air Transport Monitor. 2017. https://www.icao.int/sustainability/Pages/Air-Traffic-Monitor.aspx.

Ichiseki, Hajime. “Features of disaster-related deaths after the Great East Japan Earthquake.” Lancet 381, no. 9862 (January 19, 2013): 204. gapm. io/xjap.

ICP (International Comparison Program). “Purchasing Power Parity $ 2011.” gapm.io/x-icpp.

IHME[1] (Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation). Data Life Expectancy.

Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, September 2017. Accessed October 7, 2017. gapm.io/xihlex.

IHME[2]. “Global Educational Attainment 1970–2015.” Accessed May 10, 2017. gapm.io/xihedu.

IHME[3]. “Road injuries as a percentage of all disability.” GBD Compare. gapm.io/x-ihaj.

IHME[4]. “Drowning as a percentage of all death ages 5–14, by four development levels.” GBD Compare. http://ihmeuw.org/49kq.

IHME[5]. “Drowning, share of all child deaths in ages 5–14, comparing Sweden with average for all highly developed countries.” GBD Compare. http://ihmeuw.org/49ks.

IHME[6]. “Local Burden of Disease—Under-5 Mortality.” Accessed November 29, 2017. gapm.io/xih5mr.

IHME[7]. “Measles.” GBD Compare. 2016. gapm.io/xihels.

IHME[8]. “All causes of death” GBD Compare. 2016. http://ihmeuw.org/49p3.

IHME[9]. “Transport injuries.” GBD Compare. 2016. http://ihmeuw.org/49pa.

IHME[10]. “Interpersonal violence.” GBD Compare. 2016. http://ihmeuw.org/49pc.

IHME[11]. Data for deaths under age 5 in 2016, attributable to risk factor unsafe water source, from IHME GBD 2016. Accessed December 12, 2017. http://ihmeuw.org/49xs.

ILMC (International Lead Management Center). Lead in Gasoline Phase-Out Report Card, 1990s. International Lead Zinc Research Organization (ILZRO), supported by the International Lead Association (ILA). Accessed October 12, 2017. http://www.ilmc.org/rptcard.pdf.

ILO[1] (International Labour Organization). C029 - Forced Labour Convention, 1930 (No. 29). Accessed December 2, 2017. gapm.io/xiloflc.

ILO[2]. C105 - Abolition of Forced Labour Convention, 1957 (No. 105).

Accessed December 2, 2017. gapm.io/xilola.

ILO[3]. Country baselines: Turkmenistan. gapm.io/xiloturkm.

ILO[4]. Country baselines: Uzbekistan. gapm.io/xilouzb.

ILO[5]. Country baselines: North Korea. gapm.io/xilonkorea.

ILO[6]. C182 Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999 (No. 182). gapm.io/xilo182.

ILO[7]. IPEC. “Global child labour trends 2008 to 2012.” Yacouba Diallo, Alex Etienne, and Farhad Mehran. International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour (IPEC). Geneva: ILO, 2013. gapm.io/xiloi.

ILO[8]. IPEC. Children in employment, child labour and hazardous work, 5–17 years age group, 2000–2012. Page 3, Table 1. International Labour Office; ILO International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour (IPEC). gapm.io/xiloipe.

ILO[9]. “Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour, World (1950–1995).” International Labour Organization Programme on Estimates and Projections on the Elimination of Child Labour (ILO-EPEAP). Kaushik Basu, 1999. Via OurWorldInData.org/child-labor.

ILO[10]. Living Standard Measurement Survey. LABORSTA Labour Statistics Database. International Labour Organization. gapm.io/xilohhs.

IMDb (Internet Movie Database). Search results for feature films filtered by year.

gapm.io/ximdbf.

IMF[1] (International Monetary Fund). GDP per capita, constant prices with forecasts to 2022. World Economic Outlook 2017, October edition. Accessed November 2, 2017. gapm.io/ximfw.

IMF[2]. Archive. World Economic Outlook Database, previous years. gapm.io/ximfwp.

In dia Census 2011. “State of Literacy.” Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. 2011. gapm.io/xindc.

In ternational Rhino Foundation. “Between 5,042–5,455 individuals in the wild—Population slowly increasing.” Black Rhino. November 5, 2017. https://rhinos.org/state-of-the-rhino/

IPCC[1] (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) Authors and Review Editors. May 27, 2014. gapm.io/xipcca.

IPCC[2]. Fifth Assessment Report (AR5)—Climate Change 2014: Climate Change 2014 Synthesis Report, page 10: “Surface temperature is projected to rise over the 21st century under all assessed emission scenarios.” Accessed April 10, 2017. gapm.io/xipcc.

Ipsos MORI[1]. Online polls for Gapminder in 12 countries, August 2017. gapm.io/gt17re.

Ipsos MORI[2]. “Perils of Perception 2015.” Ipsos MORI, December 2, 2015. gapm.io/xip15.

Ipsos MORI[3]. “Perils of Perception 2016.” Ipsos MORI, December 14, 2016. gapm.io/xip16.

IPUMS (Integrated Public Use Microdata Series International). Version 6.3. gapm.io/xipums.

ISC (Internet System Consortium). “Internet host count history.” gapm.io/xitho.

ISRC. “International Standard Recording Code.” Managed by International ISRC Agency. http://isrc.ifpi.org/en/faq.

ITOPF (International Tanker Owners Pollution Federation). “Oil tanker spill statistics 2016.” Page 4. Published February 2017. Accessed September 20, 2017. http://www.itopf.com/fileadmin/data/Photos/Publications/Oil_Spill_Stats_2016_low.pdf.

ITRPV. “International Technology Roadmap for Photovoltaic.” Workshop at Intersolar Europe, Munich, June 1, 2017. Graph on slide 6. gapm.io/xitrpv.

ITU[1] (International Telecommunication Union). “Mobile cellular subscriptions.” World Telecommunication/ICT Development Report and Database. gapm.io/xitumob.

ITU[2]. “ICT Facts and Figures 2017.” Individuals using the Internet. Accessed November 27, 2017. gapm.io/xituintern.

IUCN[1] (International Union for Conservation of Nature). Protected Area (Definition 2008). gapm.io/xprarde.

IUCN[2]. Categories of protected areas. gapm.io/x-protareacat.

IUCN[3]. Green, Michael John Beverley, ed. IUCN Directory of South Asian Protected Areas. IUCN, 1990.

IUCN Red List[1]. Goodrich, J., et al., “Panthera tigris (Tiger).” IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2015: e.T15955A50659951. Accessed December 7, 2017. gapm.io/xiucnr1.

IUCN Red List[2]. Swaisgood, R., D. Wang, and F. Wei. “Ailuropoda melanoleuca (Giant Panda)” (errata version published in 2016). IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T712A121745669. Accessed December 7, 2017.

http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T712A45033386.en.

IUCN Red List[3]. Emslie, R. “Diceros bicornis (Black Rhinoceros, Hook-lipped Rhinoceros).” IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2012: e.T6557A16980917.

Accessed December 7, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012.RLTS.T6557A16980917.en.

IUCN Red List[4]. IUCN. “Table 1: Numbers of threatened species by major groups of organisms (1996–2017).” Last modified September 14, 2017. gapm.io/xiucnr4.

Jacobson, Jodi L. “Environmental Refugees: A Yardstick of Habitability.”

Worldwatch Paper 86. Washington, DC: Worldwatch Institute, 1988.

Jinha, A. E. “Article 50 million: an estimate of the number of scholarly articles in existence.” Learned Publishing 23, no. 10 (2010): 258–63. DOI: 10.1087/20100308. gapm.io/xjinha.

Johnson, N. P., and J. Mueller. “Updating the accounts: global mortality of the 1918–1920 ‘Spanish’ influenza pandemic.” Bulletin of the History of Medicine 76, no. 1 (Spring 2002): 105–15.

Kahneman, Daniel. Thinking, Fast and Slow. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2011.

Keilman, Nico. “Data quality and accuracy of United Nations population projections, 1950–95.” Population Studies 55, no. 2 (2001): 149–64. Posted December 9, 2010. gapm.io/xpaccur.

Klein Goldewijk, Kees. “Total SO2 Emissions.” Utrecht University. Based on Paddy (http://cdiac.ornl.gov). May 18, 2013. gapm.io/x-so2em.

Klepac, Petra, et al. “Towards the endgame and beyond: complexities and challenges for the elimination of infectious diseases.” Figure 1.

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, June 24, 2013.

DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2012.0137. http://rstb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/368/1623/20120137.

Lafond, F., et al. “How well do experience curves predict technological progress？ A method for making distributional forecasts.” Navigant Research. 2017.https://arxiv.org/pdf/1703.05979.pdf.

Larson, Heidi J., et al. “The State of Vaccine Confidence 2016: Global Insights Through a 67-Country Survey.” EBioMedicine 12 (October 2016): 295–301.

Posted September 13, 2016. DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2016.08.042. gapm.io/xvacnf.

Li ndgren, Mattias. “Gapminder’s long historic time series.” published from 2006 to 2016. gapm.io/histdata.

Li vi-Bacci, Massimo. A Concise History of World Population. 2nd. ed. Page 22.

Maiden, MA: Blackwell, 1989.

Lo zano, Rafael, Krycia Cowling, Emmanuela Gakidou, and Christopher J. L. Murray. “Increased educational attainment and its effect on child mortality in 175 countries between 1970 and 2009: a systematic analysis.” Lancet 376, no. 9745 (September 2010): 959–74. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61257-3.

gapm.io/xedux.

Ma ddison[1]. Maddison project maintaining data from Angus Maddison. GDP per capita estimates, via CLIO Infra. Updated by Jutta Bolt and Jan Luiten van Zanden, et al. Accessed December 3, 2017. https://www.clio-infra.eu/Indicators/GDPperCapita.html.

Ma ddison[2]. Maddison project via CLIO Infra. Filipa Ribeiro da Silva’s version revised by Jonathan Fink-Jensen, updated April 29, 2015. https://www.clioinfra.eu/Indicators/TotalPopulation.html.

Magnus & Pia. Mino’s parents.

McEvedy, Colin, and Richard Jones. Atlas of World Population History. New York: Facts on File, 1978. As cited in US-CPS. gapm.io/x-pophist.

Mischel, Walter. The Marshmallow Test: Mastering Self-Control. New York: Little, Brown, 2014.

Music Trades. “The Annual Census of the Music Industries.” 2016. http://www.musictrades.com/census.html.

Myrskyl?, M., H. P. Kohler, and F. Billari. “Advances in Development Reverse Fertility Declines.” Nature 460, No. 6 (2009): 741–43. DOI: 10.1038/nature08230.

National Biomonitoring Program. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Organochlorine Pesticides Overview. gapm.io/xpes.

Na tional Police Agency of Japan. Damage Situation and Police Countermeasures Associated with 2011 Tohoku District Off the Pacific Ocean Earthquake September 8, 2017. Emergency Disaster Countermeasures Headquarters.

gapm.io/xjapan.

NCI[1] (National Cancer Institute). “Trends in relative survival rates for all childhood cancers, age 20, all races, both sexes SEER (9 areas), 1975–94.” Figure 10, p. 9, in L. A. G. Ries, M. A. Smith, et al., eds., “Cancer Incidence and Survival Among Children and Adolescents: United States SEER Program 1975–1995.” National Cancer Institute, SEER Program. NIH. Pub. No. 99-4649. Bethesda, MD: 1999. gapm.io/xccs17.

NCI[2]. Childhood cancer rates calculated using the Incidence SEER18 Research Database, November 2016 submission (Katrina/Rita Population Adjustment).

https://www.cancer.gov/types/childhood-cancers/child-adolescent-cancersfact-sheet#r4.

NHTSA (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration). “Alcohol-Impaired Driving from the Traffic Safety Facts, 2016 Data.” Table 1. October 2017.

gapm.io/xalc.

Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1948. Paul Herman Müller. gapm.io/xnob.

Novus[1]. Polls for Gapminder in Finland and Norway, April–October 2017. gapm.io/pnovus17a.

Novus[2]. Polls for Gapminder in Sweden, Norway, USA and UK, 2013 to 2017. gapm.io/polls17b.

Novus[3]. Polls for Gapminder in Sweden, April 2017; in USA, November 2013 and September 2016 by GfK Group using KnowledgePanel; in the UK, by NatCen. gapm.io/pollnov17bnovus-17b.

Nuclear Notebook. Kristensen, Hans M., and Robert S. Norris. “The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists’ Nuclear Notebook.” Federation of American Scientists.

https://thebulletin.org/nuclear-notebook-multimedia.

ODI (Overseas Development Institute). Greenhill, Romilly, Paddy Carter, Chris Hoy, and Marcus Manuel. “Financing the future: how international public finance should fund a global social compact to eradicate poverty.” ODI, 2015.gapm.io/xodi.

OEC. Simoes, Alexander J. G., and César A. Hidalgo. “The Economic Complexity Observatory: An Analytical Tool for Understanding the Dynamics of Economic Development.” Workshops at the Twenty-Fifth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, 2011. Trade in hs92 category 920.2.

String Instruments. gapm.io/xoec17. The Economic Complexity Observatory.

https://atlas.media.mit.edu/en/.

OECD[1] (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development). “Why Is Health Spending in the United States So High？” Chart 4: Health spending per capita by category of care, US and selected OECD countries, 2009. Health at a Glance 2011: OECD Indicators. gapm.io/x-ushealth.

OECD[2]. Air and GHG emissions: Carbon dioxide (CO2), Tonnes/capita, 2000–2014. gapm.io/xoecdco2.

OECD[3]. “Indicators of Immigrant Integration 2015”. OECD and European Union, July 2, 2015. gapm.io/xoecdimintegr.

OHDB (Oral Health Database). WHO Collaborating Centre for Education, Training and Research at the Faculty of Odontology, Malm？, Sweden, supported by the WHO Global Oral Health Programme for Oral Health Surveillance and Niigata University, Japan. https://www.mah.se/CAPP/.

Op penheim Mason, Karen. “Explaining Fertility Transitions.” Demography, Vol.

34, No. 4, 1997, pp. 443-54. gapm.io/xferttra.

Os trom, Elinor. Governing the Commons. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1990.

OurWorldInData[1]. Roser, Max, and Esteban Ortiz-Ospina. “Declining global poverty: share of people living in extreme poverty, 1820–2015, Global Extreme Poverty.” Published online at OurWorldInData.org. Accessed November 20, 2017. https://ourworldindata.org/extreme-poverty.

OurWorldInData[2]. Roser, Max, and Esteban Ortiz-Ospina. “When did literacy start growing in Europe？” Published online at OurWorldInData.org. Accessed November 20, 2017. https://ourworldindata.org/literacy.

Ou rWorldInData[3]. Roser, Max, and Esteban Ortiz-Ospina. “Child Labor.” 2017. Published online at OurWorldInData.org. Accessed November 20, 2017.https://ourworldindata.org/child-labor.

OurWorldInData[4]. Roser, Max. “Share of World Population Living in Democracies.” 2017. Published online at OurWorldInData.org. Accessed November 26, 2017. https://ourworldindata.org/democracy.

OurWorldInData[5]. Roser, Max. “Ethnographic and Archaeological Evidence on Violent Deaths.” Published online at OurWorldInData.org. Accessed November 26, 2017. https://ourworldindata.org/ethnographic-andarchaeological-evidence-on-violent-deaths.

OurWorldInData[6]. Roser, Max, and Mohamed Nagdy. “Nuclear weapons test.” 2017. Published online at OurWorldInData.org. Accessed November 14, 2017.

https://ourworldindata.org/nuclear-weapons.

OurWorldInData[7]. Number of parties in multilateral environmental agreements based on UNCTAD United Nations Treaty Collection. Published online at OurWorldInData.org. https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/number-of-partiesenv-agreements.

OurWorldInData[8]. Tzvetkova, Sandra. “Not All Deaths Are Equal: How Many Deaths Make a Natural Disaster Newsworthy？” Published online at OurWorldInData.org. Accessed July 19, 2017. https://ourworldindata.org/howmany-deaths-make-a-natural-disaster-newsworthy.

OurWorldInData[9]. Ritchie, Hannah and Max Roser. “Energy Production & Changing Energy Sources”, Based on Lafond et al. (2017). Published online at OurWorldInData.org. Accessed December 19, 2017. https:// ourworldindata.

org/energy-production-and-changing-energy-sources/.

OurWorldInData[10]. Roser, Max. “Fertility Rate.” Published online at OurWorldInData.org. https://ourworldindata.org/fertility-rate.