Unit 1
text A
After You Read
Knowledge Focus
2. 1) F 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) T 6) F 7) F 8) T 9) F 10) T
3. 2)-6)-8)-7)-4)-5)-3)-1)
Language Focus
1. 1) inconsequential 2) ecstatic 3) predominant 4) instigate
5) vanish 6) parsimony 7) mammoth 8) depreciates
9) truant 10) imputation
2. 1) of 2) to 3) for 4) on 5) to 6) with
7) for 8) through 9) down 10) off
3. 1) i 2) e 3) h 4) b 5) c 6) j
7) a 8) f 9) g 10) d
Comprehensive Work
3. 1) Della; Jim; Madame Sophronie 2) three
3) sobs; sniffles; smiles 4) chops
5) spices; gold; jewels 6) magi
7) gifts 8) Arabia; India
9) Jim’s gold watch; the love Jim and Della shared
10) serious; sweetness
Read More
text B
2. 1) fragrance 2) gleam 3) magical 4) slippery
5) creaked 6) Overhearing 7) genuinely 8) resistant
9) offended 10) beloved
text C
1. 1) B 2) C 3) A 4) C 5) C
Unit 2
Before You Read
2. Irrationalism
Individualism
Being close to nature
Simplicity in style
Objection to puritan morality
The “newness” of the Americans as a nation independent from the
European yoke
text A
After You Read
Knowledge Focus
1. 1) Dutch 2) Kaatskill 3) good-natured 4) lazy
5) hot-tempered 6) an old man 7) changed 8) George III
9) George Washington 10) twenty
3. 1) T 2) F 3) F 4) T 5) F 6) T 7) T 8) F 9) F
Language Focus
1. 1) precipice 2) entangled 3) metamorphosed 4) incomprehensible
5) bustled 6) vehemently 7) addled 8) jargon
9) sulk 10) austere
2. 1) assemblage 2) perplexity 3) acquainted 4) tranquility
5) involuntary 6) rusty 7) populous 8) aloft
9) impenetrable 10) desolate
3. 1) On 2) upon (on) 3) in 4) at
5) at
Comprehensive Work
1. 1) c 2) a 3) d 4) b
Read More
text B
2. 1) himself → herself 2) it → them 3) dramatic → dramatically
4) spent → spends 5) which → that 6) in → at 7) more → less
8) exciting → excited 9) living → alive 10) out → up
text C
1. 1) It was autumn. The leaves were yellow.
2) The poet. He feels sorry because he can’t travel both the roads.
3) To know what lies ahead.
4) No, he takes the other road.
5) Because it was grassy and wanted wear.
6) No.
7) Future. “Somewhere ages and ages hence”.
8) His decision.
9) The two roads stand for the choices we have to make in life.
10) You can think of situations when you were in a stake of indecision.
Unit 3
Before You Read
1. 1) d 2) a 3) e 4) b 5) i 6) c 7) h 8) f 9) g 10) j
text A
After You Read
Knowledge Focus
2. 1) F 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) F 6) T 7) F 8) T
3. 1) adopted 2) raised 3) found 4) grown up
5) leads 6) rely 7) centered 8) perceives
9) rejects 10) conspired
Language Focus
1. 1) suffused 2) accusation 3) sumptuous 4) prevailing
5) hysterically 6) totter/tottered 7) somber 8) conviction
9) sluggish 10) menace
2. 1) i 2) h 3) c 4) g 5) a 6) e 7) d 8) f 9) b 10) j
Comprehensive Work
1. 1) c 2) d 3) e, a 4) a 5) b 6) f
Read More
text B
2. 1) nonviolence 2) leadership 3) boycott 4) discrimination
5) dream 6) justice 7) minister 8) peace
9) protest 10) racial 11) resistance 12) segregation
13) speech 14) struggle 15) rights 16) freedom
17) Lincoln 18) march 19) Washington 20) birthday
Unit 4
text A
After You Read
Knowledge Focus
2. 1) F 2) T 3) F 4) T 5) F 6) T 7) F 8) T 9) T 10) F
3. 1) Amy Tan 2) The Joy Luck Club 3) Asian-American 4) mother-daughter
5) San Francisco 6) flashbacks 7) Chinese 8) American
9) Waverly Jong 10) chess
Language Focus
1. 1) pungent 2) sly 3) intricate 4) authentic
5) graciously 6) torture 7) annually 8) imparted
9) benefactor 10) adversary
2. 1) B 2) D 3) B 4) C 5) A 6) B 7) D 8) A 9) B 10) A
3. 1) back 2) against 3) with 4) into
5) with 6) of 7) on 8) on
9) between 10) in
Comprehensive Work
1. 1) The mother uses an epigram to teach her daughter the value of self-control. Her message is a paradox.
2) The speaker uses imagery and figurative language to describe her neighborhood.
3) Amy Tan uses imagery to create a mood of warmth and activity.
4) Amy Tan characterizes the daughter as rebellious by describing her appearance and thoughts as “disobedient” and “sly”. The “hard-toothed comb” symbolizes her mother’s rules and disciplines. Amy Tan foreshadows the daughter’s future rebellion.
5) The mother uses a metaphor to compare the immigrant experience to a game of chess. You have to know the “rules” to move forward in life.
Read More
text B
1. 1) F 2) F 3) T 4) T 5) F
3. 1) frequently 2) African-American 3) humorously 4) shy
5) traditionally 6) rural 7) successful 8) immediate
9) Native-African 10) pretentious
Unit 5
text A
After You Read
Knowledge Focus
2. 6)-7)-4)-2)-5)-3)-8)-1)
3. 1) Ernest Hemingway 2) Cuba 3) Santiago 4) fisherman
5) Nature 6) heroism 7) alone 8) straightforward
9) third-person 10) Nobel
Language Focus
1. 1) disperse 2) thrust 3) lashing 4) snap
5) mutilated 6) chewing 7) soaked 8) plow
9) rammed 10) handicap 11) malignancy 12) ripped
2. 1) D 2) B 3) A 4) B 5) D 6) A 7) C 8) B 9) C 10) D
3. 1) on 2) In 3) off 4) on 5) for 6) away
7) up 8) in 9) with 10) Though
Comprehensive Work
2. 1) A man can be destroyed but not defeated.
2) They played like young in the dusk and he loved them as he loved the boy.
3) He is wonderful and strange and who knows how old he was, he thought.
4) There are many good fishermen and some great ones. But there is only one you.
5) Why did they make birds so delicate and fine as those sea swallows when the ocean can be so cruel?
6) To hell with luck. I’ll bring luck with me.
Read More
text B
2. 1) T 2) F 3) F 4) T 5) F
3. 4)-1)-6)-2)-7)-8)-5)-3)
Unit 6
Before You Read
2. 1) F 2) F 3) T 4) T 5) F
text A
After You Read
Knowledge Focus
2. 1) F 2) T 3) F 4) T 5) F 6) F 7) T 8) F 9) T 10) T
3. 1) nervous 2) physician 3) recover/rest 4) write
5) secret 6) nursery 7) barred 8) wallpaper
9) locks 10) faints
Language Focus
1. 1) congenial 2) impertinence 3) haunted 4) prescription
5) hereditary 6) renovation 7) outrageous 8) conspicuous
9) neglects 10) vicious
2. 1) colonies 2) contradictory 3) harmony 4) assurance
5) ancestors 6) gratitude 7) bulbs 8) confession
9) stimulate 10) irritation
3. 1) like 2) away 3) as 4) into 5) of 6) to
7) in 8) on 9) on 10) off
Comprehensive Work
2. 1) Narrator’s state of mind
2) Intellectual, emotional, social prison of the narrator
3) Tendency to view women as children
4) Earth and society
5) Confinement of the narrator
6) Repressed sexuality of women
7) Man’s domination of woman
Read More
text B
1. 1) F 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) T
Unit 7
Before You Read
1. Practicing religion freely
Enjoying equal opportunities in a classless society
Living a better life than one’s parents
...
text A
After You Read
Knowledge Focus
1. 1) chauffeur 2) rumors 3) spy 4) Oxford
5) luxurious 6) orchestra 7) Gatsby 8) entertainment
9) division 10) sport
3. 1) F 2) F 3) T 4) F 5) F 6) F 7) T 8) T 9) T 10) F
Language Focus
1. 1) addressed 2) condescending 3) elaborate 4) key
5) formality 6) innuendos 7) testimony 8) escort
9) twilight 10) lull
2. 1) contemptuous 2) catering 3) dignified 4) confirmation
5) credulity 6) cynical 7) irresistible 8) provokable
9) hilarious 10) speculation
3. 1) about 2) over 3) to; to; on 4) At
5) in; out
Comprehensive Work
1. 1) C 2) B 3) A 4) D
Read More
text C
1. 1) hardworking 2) Civil 3) great 4) work
5) idealism 6) imagery 7) singing 8) class
9) all 10) praise
Unit 8
Before You Read
2. 1) B 2) D 3) E 4) C 5) A
text A
After You Read
Knowledge Focus
3. 1) March 2) Civil 3) poverty 4) parties
5) Jo 6) governess 7) Beth 8) Amy
9) illness 10) novel
Language Focus
1. 1) cuddled 2) fretting 3) shrouded 4) grumbling
5) perpetual 6) lavishly 7) shabby 8) revelling
9) implored 10) afflictions
2. 1) luxurious 2) remorseful 3) governess 4) dreadful
5) wintry 6) peril 7) blissful 8) envious
9) becoming 10) wretched
3. 1) B 2) B 3) A 4) B 5) A 6) B 7) B 8) A 9) B 10) A
Read More
text C
2. 1) 那天晚上，就是想象力再丰富的人也想象不出，用这随便说出的十块钱，能够买到多少样自己渴望得到的好东西。
2) 第二天年轻的猎人在树林里漫游，西尔维娅陪伴着他。小姑娘已经消除了对这位友好的小伙子最初产生的畏惧。他显然是一个善良、富有同情心的人。
3) 她从没有见过这么有魅力、这么招人喜欢的小伙子；潜伏在孩童心底那颗女性的心开始被爱恋催醒。
4) 这种威力无比的**的先兆激**着、摇撼着两个年轻人，使他们在穿越这片肃穆的树林时轻手轻脚，默不作声。
Unit 9
Before You Read
1. 1) B 2) C 3) A 4) F 5) E 6) D
text A
After You Read
Knowledge Focus
2. 1) F 2) T 3) F 4) T 5) T 6) F 7) F 8) T 9) F 10) T
3. 1) Pluto 2) witches 3) alcoholism 4) bites
5) eyes 6) perverseness 7) hanging 8) fire
9) cat 10) image
Language Focus
1. 1) conspicuous 2) sagacious 3) consummate 4) expound
5) fidelity 6) paltry 7) haunt 8) solicited
9) equivocal 10) procure
2. 1) docility 2) gratification 3) uncongenial 4) partiality
5) allusions 6) unscrupulous 7) irrevocable 8) jeopardized
9) infamous 10) atrocious
3. 1) so; of 2) with; in; from 3) in; with 4) of; at; with; to; in
5) from; of; by; in 6) at; upon 7) from 8) with; off
9) in; about; to; from 10) up; to
Unit 10
Before You Read
1. When asking students what they know about Henry David Thoreau, be prepared to address some of the following common misconceptions:
a. Thoreau was a hermit. (He never intended to isolate himself from others. He went into town regularly, dined with family and friends, and received visits from them at the pond.)
b. Thoreau was a frontiersman, like Daniel Boone, living in the wilderness. (Walden Pond is an easy 25-minute walk from Concord’s main street. Even in Thoreau’s day, it was a popular picnic and swimming spot, and there were no dangerous wild animals.)
c. Thoreau was essentially a loafer. (Thoreau raised beans, did odd jobs, and did surveying to support himself. At the pond he also pursued an active schedule of nature study. When he lived with his parents he paid rent and worked in the pencil factory.)
text A
After You Read
Knowledge Focus
1. 1) Independence 2) Olympus 3) plastering 4) insular
5) ornament 6) astronomers 7) constellation 8) river
9) slave 10) eternity
3. 1) F 2) T 3) F 4) F 5) T 6) F 7) T 8) T
Language Focus
1. 1) forsake 2) transpire 3) saturating 4) nocturnal
5) delectable 6) tinged 7) exuded 8) sublime
9) buoyancy 10) dwindled
2. 1) undulated 2) fertile 3) resigned 4) serene
5) Astronomy 6) profanities 7) insulation 8) dwellings
9) crystallization 10) indentation
3. 1) e 2) d 3) h 4) b 5) a 6) c 7) i 8) f 9) j 10) g
Read More
text B
2. 1) solitude 2) society 3) stars 4) God
5) landscape 6) integrated 7) adults 8) balance
9) man 10) Universal
3. 1) That is because he is communicating with those who have written or his (future) readers.
2) Nothing which is natural can be ugly or terrible or anything else negative, unless it is disconnected with “Spirit”.
3) Here Emerson is defining “nature” as landscape, which isn’t exactly the “Not Me”but is the more common definition. Again, it is not the landscape so much as the EYE which creates it that is highlighted.
4) By poet, incidentally, Emerson does not just mean someone who writes in meter and verse, but someone who is truly gifted with words, expressing thoughts that all think but few can say. The same idea about ownership of the landscape appears in Walden at the beginning of “Where I Lived and What I Lived for”.
5) Literally, the commons is the shared open land at the center of New England villages, called that because it presumably belongs to all. Metaphorically, he could also be referring to a universal and common experience, or being at the heart of society. Note that this experience cannot be anticipated or prepared for. It just happens, unexpectedly and not necessarily in a “beautiful” place.
6) Full communion with nature is unexpected, momentary, enlightening yet indescribable, and risky, endangering one’s sense of identity.
7) Here he is trying to put into words an inexpressible mystical union with the Universe/ Spirit which he feels, losing his individual identity in this momentary sense of wholeness when he is “transparent” and an “eye ball” (the perfect sphere, perfect unity).
8) Although this can be exciting, to see nature as an extension of our own emotions and experiences, it is also limited. We are limited by our subjective perception, and cannot see nature beyond our own experience. What is liberating can also be limiting. That we must not expect such delight often, or give into it too much because we will be disappointed when we cannot repeat it.
Unit 11
Before You Read
1. 2) Black market; Blackouts; Children; Compulsion; Disunity; Equality of sacrifice; Family; Fear; Identity; Involvement; Making do; Men’s roles; Patriotism; Propaganda; Racism; Rationing; Recruiting; Relationships; Self-interest; Shortages; Unity; Women’s roles
2. 1) h 2) a 3) g 4) b 5) c 6) d 7) e 8) f
text A
After You Read
Knowledge Focus
2. 1) F 2) T 3) T 4) T 5) T 6) F 7) T 8) F
3. 1) Civil 2) lieutenant 3) coffee 4) bullet
5) medical 6) artillery 7) redress 8) surgeon
9) amputation 10) sleeve
Language Focus
1. 1) blazed 2) interminable 3) shy 4) commotion
5) appropriated 6) berate 7) gesticulate 8) precipitate
9) reverberate 10) proffered
2. 1) stupefaction 2) tumultuous 3) exasperating 4) maniacal
5) grimy 6) amputation 7) inaudible 8) disdainful
9) wrathful 10) inscrutable
3. 1) on; upon 2) in; in 3) out; upon 4) from
5) to 6) At; with 7) of; under 8) from; with
9) of; upon 10) of; for; on
Comprehensive Work
2. a. Give him the proper rest, nutrition and exercise.
b. Listen to his telling of the traumatic experience.
c. Create a feeling of safety and tranquility in his immediate environment.
d. Recognize his emotional triggers and help him cope with them.
e. Seek therapy for him.
Read More
text B
1. 1) black 2) universal 3) Ohio 4) slavery
5) murdered 6) ghost 7) trauma 8) family
9) identity 10) humanity
2. 1) T 2) F 3) T 4) F 5) T 6) F 7) T 8) F 9) F 10) F
text C
1. 1) Abraham Lincoln.
2) American Civil War.
3) A captain takes his ship safely through a stormy journey but dies when his ship nears port.
4) In this poem, the ship refers to the American nation, the Union, or the American people.
5) Blood.
6) Live again.
7) The narrator supports the Union because he refers to the president of the Union as“my Captain”.
8) He mourns the president’s death. The poem is tragic because it describes the death of a great personality.
Unit 12
Before You Read
2. Origin: Historically Puritanism began early (c.1560) in the reign of Queen Elizabeth I as a movement for religious reform.
Branches: The main body of Puritans, the Presbyterians (see Presbyterianism), favored a central church government, whereas the Separatists, Independents or Congregationalists (see Congregationalism), defined the church as any autonomous congregation of believers, emphasized the point that one could arrive at one’s own conclusions in religion, and opposed a national, comprehensive church.
Basic Beliefs: 1) Total Depravity — through Adam and Eve’s fall, every person is born sinful — concept of Original Sin. 2) Unconditional Election — God “saves” those he wishes — only a few are selected for salvation — concept of predestination. 3) Limited Atonement — Jesus died for the chosen only, not for everyone. 4) Irresistible Grace —God’s grace is freely given, it cannot be earned or denied. Grace is defined as the saving and transfiguring power of God. 5) Perseverance of the “saints” — those elected by God have full power to interpret the will of God, and to live uprightly. If anyone rejects grace after feeling its power in his life, he will be going against the will of God — something impossible in Puritanism.
Persecution and Emigration: During the reign of James I, the Presbyterian majority unsuccessfully attempted to impose their ideas on the established English church at the Hampton Court Conference (1604). The result was mutual disaffection and a persecution of the Puritans, particularly by Archbishop William Laud, that brought about Puritan migration to Europe and America (see Mayflower). Those groups that remained in England grew as a political party and rose to their greatest power between 1640 and 1660 as a result of the English civil war; during that period the Independents gained dominance. During the Restoration the Puritans were oppressed under the Clarendon Code (1661–1665), which secured the episcopal character of the Established Church and, in effect, cast the Puritans out of the Church of England. From this time they were known as nonconformists.
Influence on American Society: After the 17th century the Puritans as a political entity largely disappeared, but Puritan attitudes and ethics continued to exert an influence on American society. They made a virtue of qualities that made for economic success —self-reliance, frugality, industry, and energy — and through them influenced modern social and economic life. Their concern for education was important in the development of the United States, and the idea of congregational democratic church government was carried into the political life of the state as a source of modern democracy.
text A
After You Read
Knowledge Focus
2. 1) Faith 2) Salem 3) prayers 4) evil
5) forest 6) devil 7) serpent 8) Christians
9) respected 10) witch
3. 1) T 2) T 3) F 4) T 5) F 6) F 7) T 8) T 9) F 10) F
Language Focus
1. 1) consorted 2) betake 3) discern 4) nettled
5) beheld 6) budge 7) scruples 8) fain
9) tarried 10) kindled
2. 1) composedly 2) solitude 3) aptly 4) exemplary
5) abashed 6) peculiarities 7) applause 8) exhortations
9) irrepressible 10) resemblance
3. 1) back; in; at 2) in; to; in 3) for; in; on 4) with; into; in
5) with; through; behind
4. 1) 而妻子费丝——这名字对她恰如其分——把漂亮的脑袋伸出门外，任风儿拂弄她帽子上粉红的缎带，呼唤着古德曼·布朗。
2) 他踏上了一条凄清的小路。阴森森的树木遮天蔽日，挤挤挨挨，勉强让狭窄的小径蜿蜒穿过。
3) 但他身上最引人注目的却是一件东西，即一根酷似黑蛇的手杖，精雕细刻，活脱一条扭来扭去的大蛇。
4) 我们老是祷告上帝，而且行善积德，容不得这号坏事。
5) 而她却躜步疾行，这么大年纪速度惊人，一面走还一面嘟嘟囔囔——不消说，是祷告呢。
6) 年长的直催年轻的加快步伐，坚持走那条道路，道理讲得有理有节，仿佛条条发自听者的内心，倒并非由他一一摆出来。
7) 两人就这样快步前进，一直来到路上有个黑黝黝大坑的地方。古德曼·布朗忽然一屁股坐到一截树桩上，不肯再往前走。
8) 年轻人在路边歇了一会儿，对自己大加赞赏。寻思明天早上碰到牧师散步，该何等问心无愧，也用不着躲避善良的老执事古金先生的目光啦。
Unit 13
Before You Read
2. 1)③ 2)⑤ 3)① 4)② 5)④
text A
After You Read
Knowledge Focus
2. 1) F 2) T 3) F 4) T 5) F
3. 5)-1)-4)-3)-2)
4. 1) Kansas 2) Toto 3) cyclone 4) Munchkin 5) witch 6) shoes
7) Wizard 8) yellow 9) Scarecrow 10) brain
Language Focus
2. 1) in a grave manner 2) quickly and vigorously
3) move somewhere quickly 4) delicately beautiful
5) substantial and nourishing 6) very small; tiny; minute
7) hoarse in quality 8) given in confidence or in secret
Read More
text B
1) Mark Twain 2) dislikes 4) ①F ②T ③F ④F
text C
1) spider, pig, rat
4) ① make a public display or disturbance
② moving about restlessly or violently
③ in a frightening or shocking situation
④ a mischievous or playful trick
⑤ make a short trip for a particular purpose
Unit 14
Before You Read
1) b 2) a 3) a 4) b 5) a 6) 3.141592 7) 32 8) tornado
text A
After You Read
Knowledge Focus
2. 1) a. Dicto Simpliciter b. Hasty Generalization
c. Post Hoc d. Contradictory Premises
e. Ad Misericordiam f. False Analogy
g. Hypothesis Contrary to Fact h. Poisoning the Well
2) a. Ad Misericordiam b. Hasty Generalization
c. Post Hoc d. Poisoning the Well
e. Hypothesis Contrary to Fact f. Contradictory Premises
g. False Analogy h. Dicto Simpliciter
Language Focus
1. 1) acme 2) perspicacious 3) covet 4) reverent
5) wax 6) wane 7) contrite 8) fraught
9) notorious 10) hamstring 11) grueling 12) well-heeled
2. 1) perceive 2) exquisite 3) veered 4) mince
5) flesh and blood 6) winced 7) chirp/chirped 8) blubber
9) exultant 10) tactics 11) languished 12) in the swim
3. 1) logical 2) craze 3) idiot 4) expectful
5) precision 6) infamous 7) perspiration 8) guidance
9) smarten 10) underestimate 11) exasperation 12) persistent
13) fad 14) indignation 15) heartened
Comprehensive Work
Example I: ⑤ Guilt by Association
Example II: ③ Misleading Vividness
Example III: ① False Dilemma
Example IV: ④ Burden of Proof
Example V: ② Spotlight
Read More
text C
1) put up with 2) starvation; warmth; company
3) figure out 4) make it clear
Unit 15
text A
After You Read
Knowledge Focus
1. 1) a traveling salesman 2) instilled 3) neglected 4) expectations
5) mediocre bums 6) a failure 7) pride and joy 8) worshipped
9) thefts 10) crushed 11) falls apart 12) drifted
2. 1) with guilt in his voice 2) highly nervous 3) to find the answer there
4) more harshly now 5) strains to get away
6) goes by himself into the house
Language Focus
2. 1) through with 2) make a fool (out) of
3) full of hot air 4) take the rap
5) make sense (out) of 6) wrap up
7) turn on 8) yellow
Read More
text B
1) F 2) T 3) T 4) F 5) T 6) F 7) T 8) F
text C
1) whirl crazily about 2) long streaks of light
3) a wide green billiard table 4) have a parting word
5) meet the adventure 6) paint the dreams