[例1]—Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?
—______.
A.I don’t believe B.I don’t believe it
C.I believe not so D.I believe not
【解析】答案D。“so”可代替某些动词后的宾语从句,但绝不能用it或that。这些常用的动词有:believe,be afraid,expect,hope,imagine,suppose等。例:
—Is she going to the party tonight?
—I think so./I hope so.
其否定有两种:
1.动词用否定结构。
2.用not代替so。如:
—Do you think he will pass the exam?
—I don’t think so./I think not.前者更常用。
错解分析:A项应为I don’t believe so。C项否定也应否定谓语。
解题方法与技巧:根据具体语言环境,正确运用表达观点的方法。
[例2]______for the free ticket,I would not have gone to the films so often.
A.If it is not B.Were it not
C.Had it not been D.If there were to
【解析】答案C。跟过去事实相反的虚拟条件句结构为If+主语+had+过去分词,主语+would/could/might do…当if省略时,将had提主句首,即
Had+主语+过去分词,主语+would/could/might do…
错解分析:
A项不是虚拟语气结构。
B项是跟现在事实相反的虚拟条件句。
D项是跟将来事实相反的虚拟条件句。
[例3]—You ought to have given them some advice.
—______,but who cared what I asked?
A.So it was B.So I ought to have
C.So I did D.So I ought to
【解析】答案B。ought to,want,hope等动词后可省略作宾语的不定式短语,但该宾语若是be动词或动词的完成时,则需在to后加be或have。
—Are you a soldier?
—No,but,wish to be(a soldier).
[例4]The research is so designed that once______nothing can be done to change it.
A.begins B.having begun C.beginning D.begun
【解析】答案D。当主句的主语和状语从句主语一致(或从句主语为it),且从句中含be时,可把从句的主语和be一起省略,例:
I wonder why he didn’t do as(he was)told to.
错解分析:A、B、C项都为主动,而research应是由人启动的,应用被动。
解题方法与技巧:此类词,应分清主、被动关系。
掌握好省略句,应注意以下几条:
1.感官动词或使役动词(如:notice,hear,let,make)等后接不定式作宾补时省略to,被动时to不能省略。
2.在prefer to do rather than…,cannot help but…do,nothing…but等句型中常省略to。
3.为避免重复,作某些动词(hope,want)的宾语或tell,order,ask的宾补时,省略不定式短语,只保留不定式符号to。
4.应注意状语从句、定语从句中的省略。
状语从句中,如果谓语含动词be,主语又与主句主语一致或主语是it,从句中主语和be一起省略。
5.注意not,so,neither,nor的“替代性”省略。