（一）wh-疑问词意思是“所……的事/物”，相当于the thing（s）that…或those which…wh-ever 的意思相当于anything（或anyone）that/who…可以用于以下情况：

1.引导主语从句。如：

What she saw frightened her.她看到的事情吓了她一跳。

When they’ll come hasn’t been made public.他们什么时候来还没有宣布。

Whoever did this job must be rewarded.

无论是谁干了这件事都一定要得到报酬。

Whenever you act like that is against the law.

无论什么时候你那么做都是违法的。

2.引导表语从句。如：

Times are not what they used to be.时代不同了。

That was where I once lived twenty years ago.

那就是二十年前我曾经生活过的地方。

My question is whenever you lost it.我的问题是你究竟什么时候丢了它。

3.引导宾语从句，包括介词宾语。如：

She was not happy at what he had said.她对他说的话不高兴。

Do you know where I can find her？你知道什么地方我能找到她吗？

You can give this letter to whoever is at the reception desk.

你可以把这封信交给在接待处的任何一个人。

（二）用作插入语，指代后面的成分。这和非限定性定语从句正好相反，非限定性定语从句指代的是前面的成分。如：

Then I discovered，what was news to me，that his wife was Mary’s niece.

后来我发现，他妻子原来是玛丽的侄女，这对我是个新闻。

He went to the meeting and，what was worse，insisted on speaking.

他去参加了会议，而且更糟糕的是，他坚持要发言。

（三）引导让步状语从句，等于“不管什么……”。注意状语从句的语序。如：

Do what she would，she could not invent a reason for not going.

不管她会做什么，她都编不出不去的理由。状语从句把实义动词放在句首，句子倒装。═No matter what she would do，…

Say what he will，in his heart he knows that he is wrong.

不管他怎么说，内心里他知道自己错了。═No matter what he will say，…