典型例题及解析(1 / 1)

[例1]The production______steadily,the factory needs an ever-increasing supply of raw material.

A.has gone up B.is going up

C.having gone up D.being gone up

【解析】答案C。选项A和B与名词the production构成了句子,但该句无连接词连接两个句子,因而应排除。选项C和D与 the production都可构成独立主格结构,作原因状语,但根据题意,“产量在稳步增长”,在逻辑上是主谓关系,应用主动语态。

[例2]Not far from the school there was a garden,______owner seated in it playing chess with his little grandson every afternoon.

A.its B.whose C.which D.that

【解析】答案A。此题很容易误选B,认为句中逗号后是一个非限制性的定语从句,whose 在定语从句中用作定语修饰其后的名词owner,但实质上空格后根本不是一个句子,因为没有谓语。尽管句中有两个动词,但它们都是非谓语动词。seat 用作动词时,它总是及物的,其后要么接宾语,要么它就用于被动语态,所以若在 seated 前加上助动词 is,则可以选择B(当然若将 seated 改为sitting,也应选择B)。所以此题最佳答案选A。

[例3]Weather______,we will go out for a walk.

A.permitted B.permitting C.permits D.for permitting

【解析】答案B。本题中没有连词,它不是复合句,也不是并列句。句中使用了逗号,且we 小写,可知其不是两个简单句。能够这样使用的只有独立主格或with的复合结构。据此判断,本句中使用的是独立结构,其结构为:名词+分词。由于permit在这里翻译为“天气允许”,表主动,应用现在分词。

[例4]______,her suggestion is of greater value than yours.

A.All things considering B.All things considered

C.All things were considered D.With all things were considered

【解析】答案B。逗号后面句子的主语是her suggestion,一看四个选项主语都是 all things 所以肯定是独立主格结构。另外,all things 和consider 是很明显的被动关系。

[例5]All flights______,we decided to take a greyhound.

A.were canceled B.had been canceled

C.having canceled D.having been canceled

【解析】答案D。本题中的选项A和B与All flights构成了句子,但该句没有任何从属连词、关系代词或关系副词引导,与主句之间也无连接词,因而是错误的,应排除。选项C和D与All flights都可构成独立主格结构,作原因状语,但根据题意,应选D,因为“班机”是“被取消”的。

[例6]The murderer was brought in,with his hands____behind his back.

A.being tied B.having tied

C.to be tied D.tied

【解析】答案D。with+名词(代词)+分词+介词短语结构。当分词表示伴随状况时,其主语常用with来引导。由于本句中名词“手”与分词“绑”是被动关系,因此用过去分词。

[例7]He wrote a lot of novels,many of______translated into foreign languages.

A.it B.them C.this D.that

【解析】答案B。而不能选C,是因为句中的 translated 是过去分词(非谓语动词),若选C,则该从句无谓语。

[例8]She stood there,______from her cheeks.

A.tears’ rolling down B.tears rolled down

C.with tears rolled down D.tears rolling down

【解析】答案D。tears rolling down为“名词+现在分词”结构,作独立主格结构,表示伴随主句动作发生的行为状况,“她站在那,眼泪顺着脸颊流下来”。

[例9]______yesterday,we went out for a walk.

A.As a fine day B.It was a fine day

C.It being a fine day D.For it was a fine day

【解析】答案C。“昨天天气不错,我们出去散步了”,此句独立主格结构表示时间,为“it+being+名词”结构。

[例10]A new technique______,the yields as a whole increased by 20 percent.

A.to have been worked out B.having worked out

C.working out D.having been worked out

【解析】答案D。“一种新的技术研制出后,产量总体增加了20%”,独立主格结构“having been worked out”用的是现在完成时的被动语态,表示原因。