[例1]If there were no subjunctive，English______much easier.

A.will be　B.would have been　C.could have been　D.would be

【解析】答案D。观察题干，可知全句表达的是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。

[例2]—Alice，why didn’t you come yesterday？

—I______，but I had an unexpected visitor.

A.had　B.would　C.was going to　D.did

【解析】答案C。此题A、D明显不合上下文，因为乙方没有去。B选项若为would have则成立，可以理解为I would have come if I hadn’t had an unexpected visitor.的简略式。但此处是would，故应排除。只有was going to可得体地表达“我原本打算去的，但是有不速之客造访”这一意思。

[例3]The guard at the gate insisted that everybody______the rules.

A.obeys　B.obey　C.will obey　D.would obey

【解析】答案B。根据insist表示“坚持要求”时，其后的宾语从句谓语要用（should）do形式。

[例4]I wish I______you yesterday.

A.seen　B.did see　C.had seen　D.were to see

【解析】答案C。此题表示与过去事实相反的愿望。

[例5]— If he______，he______that food.

— Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.

A.was warned；would not take

B.had been warned；would not have taken

C.would be warned；had not taken

D.would have been warned；had not taken

【解析】答案B。从对话看，是表达与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。

[例6]Without electricity human life______quite different today.

A.is　B.will be　C.would have been　D.would be

【解析】答案D。without引出一个含蓄条件句，主句表述的是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。

[例7]When a pencil is partly in a glass of water，it looks as if it______.

A.breaks　B.has broken　C.were broken　D.had been broken

【解析】答案C。放入水中的铅笔看上去是断的，但实际上并非如此，因此是与现在的事实相反，这时as if从句谓语要用一般过去时。

[例8]You didn’t let me drive.If we______in turn，you______so tired.

A.drove；didn’t get　B.drove；wouldn’t get

C.were driving；wouldn’t get　D.had driven；wouldn’t have got

【解析】答案D。观察题干，可知if从句表示与过去事实相反的假设。

[例9]I didn’t see your uncle at the party.If he______，he would have said hello to me.

A.would come　B.had come

C.came　D.did come

【解析】答案B。观察题目上下文，特别是第二句的主句谓语为 would have said，可知if从句表述的是与过去事实相反的愿望。

[例10]______it______for your help，I couldn’t have made any progress.

A.Had；not been　B.Should；not be

C.Did；not be　D.Not；be

【解析】答案A。根据主句谓语形式，可知从句要用had done形式，Had it not been for your help＝If it had not been for your help.（要不是你帮忙的话）

[例11]Mr Smith was badly ill，or he______our dinner party.

A.should come to　B.would have attended

C.would come to　D.should have attended

【解析】答案B。or可引导含蓄条件句，表达虚拟语气。根据此题内容，可知是与过去事实相反的假设。

[例12]It’s strange that they______nothing about this matter.

A.know　B.would know

C.knows　D.knew

【解析】答案A。在It’s important/surprising/desirable/strange/necessary/no wonder/a pity/a shame＋that 从句中，从句谓语动词用（should）do。

[例13]He suggests we______to the cinema at once，otherwise we will be late.

A.must go　B.go　C.will go　D.would go

【解析】答案B。在suggest，demand，request，require（要求），order（命令），insist（坚持要求），advise（劝告）等动词之后的宾语从句中，谓语动词要用（should）do，同时还应注意语态。

[例14]The general ordered that the thief______.

A.be punished　B.would punish

C.would be punished　D.should punish

【解析】答案A。order表示“命令”时，后面所跟的宾语从句中的谓语动词用（should）do，此题中需要的是被动语态。

[例15]If only I______how to operate a computer as you do！

A.had known　B.would know

C.should know　D.knew

【解析】答案D。在if only引导的感叹句中，谓语动词的形式与wish后宾语从句中谓语动词的形式一样。