中文与拼音文字在字形以及形音对应方面存在着差异，相应地，长期的阅读经验将塑造出不同的脑网络来支持不同文字的有效阅读。由于中文在字形方面的复杂性，中文阅读除了激活同样参与英文阅读的左侧梭状回外，还往往激活右侧梭状回以及双侧的顶上小叶以及枕中回进行字形分析。此外，由于形音对应方面的差异，英文阅读时语音加工将随着字形加工而展开，这种瀑布式式的加工与左侧颞上回后部的激活有关，而中文的语音加工则需要字形分析进行到一定程度才开始，是一种阈限式的加工，加上中文存在大量同音字的现象，左侧额中回在整合语音和字形并确定最终目标字词方面具有重要作用。尽管不同文字的阅读脑机制存在差异，左侧梭状回在字形分析中的重要性以及左侧顶下小叶在形音匹配中的重要性在不同文字的阅读中具有普遍性。在阅读第二语言的文字时，英中双语者更多地发展出适应中文特征的阅读网络，而中英双语者则表现出更多的同化。

摘要 Abstract

Reading network is shaped by reading experience.Given the differences across languages and writings, different reading networks are developed for the reading of different languages.For Chinese and Alphabetic languages (especially English), the differences in visual orthography and orthography-phonology mapping lead to divergence in reading networks: compared to English, the reading of Chinese requires more visual orthography analysis, accordingly, involves right fusiform gyrus and bilateral middle occipital gyri additionally.In English reading, the phonological processing and orthographical processing occur simultaneously, and such cascade-style processing is related to activation in left posterior superior temporal gyrus.The processing of phonology in Chinese is threshold-style, and there are a large amount of homophones, the engagement of left middle frontal gyrus in finalizing the target characters through lexical integration and selection is especially important.However, some brain regions play a universal role across languages, such as left fusiform gyrus in visual word form analysis and left inferior parietal lobe in orthography-phonology mapping.Evidence from native speakers and bilinguals support these arguments.

Keywords

Chinese, English, cross-language comparison, reading network

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[1] 美国匹兹堡大学(Trident University of Pittsburgh)

[2] 美国匹兹堡大学(Trident University of Pittsburgh)